The city of Kashgar is located west of the Taklamakan Desert in the foothills of the Tian Shan. The oasis of Kashgar is located at the intersection of roads north and south that bypass the desert of Taklamakan.

Kashgar Old City : Kashgar’s Endangered Old Town Town

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The city of Kashgar is located west of the Taklamakan Desert in the foothills of the Tian Shan. The oasis of Kashgar is located at the intersection of roads north and south that bypass the desert of Taklamakan. The Karakorum Highway which passes through the Khunjerab Pass connects the city of Kashgar to Islamabad in Pakistan. The neighboring Kyrgyzstan is also accessible from Kashgar through the passes and Torugart Irkeshtam.

-Under the Han Dynasty of China, the Han general Ban Chao was dispatched to subdue the kingdoms of the region who had rebelled. After submitting the region, it has installed pro-Chinese rulers, and pushed his explorations of the west to Mesopotamia and beyond.
- Throughout the period of the second century until the arrival of Islam in the ninth century, Kashgar and the surrounding region were dominated land Buddhism Hinayana (“Lesser Vehicle”).

-At the time of the Tang Dynasty, the Chinese had full sovereignty over Kashgar and installed a garrison there.
- But the advance of Islam in the ninth century, pushed the Chinese takeover.
- In the thirteenth century, Genghis Khan and it was his followers who took control of the region (and elsewhere, China), then it was the armies of Tamerlane, who swept into Central Asia, then came the wars between various religious tendencies of Islam .
-This is the eighteenth century that the Chinese Empire regained control of Kashgar and the surrounding region.
- In the nineteenth century, a warlord, Yakub Beg proclaimed himself Khan of Kashgar in the emirate, but he died in 1877, and China took the opportunity to annex the whole region, following a very tough war conducted by the China against the Muslim populations of the “Chinese Turkestan” in the Dungan Revolt.

Kashgar was the meeting point of the Silk Roads South and North for two thousand years because it was a place beautifully located, after crossing the Taklamakan Desert in the east, and after the high Pamir Mountains when coming from the West, and he had exchanged cons yaks and camels. Its population is 90 Uighur continues to exercise its main purpose: trade. Unlike in Urumqi, the official capital of Xinjiang, China completely, Kashgar has remained a city in the Uighur identity strongly marked. This is particularly renowned locally for its Sunday market, reputedly the largest market in Central Asia, where traders flock from all surrounding countries (Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Afghanistan, Pakistan and India).

In the late 2000s, the government launched a program to destroy the old Uighur town whose inhabitants are relocated to new quarters at the edge (up to several kilometers away). According to Time magazine, over 85 of old Kashgar should be demolished before the end of 2009 .

Kashgar is the birthplace of Mahmud of Kashgar linguist who wrote Around 1075 a remarkable Arabic languages Turkish Series (diwan lughat-turk) is a valuable source of knowledge of various medieval Turkic dialects.

A tale from the Arabian Nights (The Tale of the tailor, the hunchback, the Jew, and Christian lIntendant) takes place in Kashgar.
The district population was 318,890 inhabitants in 1999 , and that of the city of Kashgar was estimated at 295,065 inhabitants in 2007 .

The population is Uighur large majority, although the proportion of Hans is constantly growing.They speak the Uyghur and the Chinese dialect of Mandarin Zhongyuan Kashgar.

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